An Ontario judge has ruled that when a Toronto police officer pulled over a car with three young, black men inside, it was because he decided, despite any evidence, that “they were up to something” — and the probable reason was racial profiling.

Toronto police Const. Jason Crawford was engaging in a kind of proactive policing that invites racial profiling, because it relies on a kind of sixth sense that uses “usual suspects” stereotypes, Ontario Court Justice Mary Hogan ruled in a decision handed down this week.